Ecology is the study of the interactions between living things, such as humans, and their natural surroundings. It aims to comprehend the crucial interconnections that exist between living things such as plants, animals, and humans. or Ecology is a scientific…
EVOLUTION Evolution is a change in the genetic composition of a population over successive generations. or Evolution means the process of developing by gradual changes. ORGANIC EVOLUTION. Organic evolution is a gradual change in the genetic composition of organisms in a…
Genetics is the study of heredity and variationHeredity- is the passage of character from one generation to another.Variation – these are differences among individuals of the same species. GENETICS & VARIATION HEREDITARY MATERIALS:- Hereditary or genetic materials are chemical substances…
Reproduction is the biological process that creates new individual organisms from existing ones, also referred to as “offspring” . There are two main types: sexual and asexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, an organism combines the genetic information from each of…
Growth is a fundamental characteristic of living organisms. Development refers to an increase in complexity due to differentiation of tissues and organs (improvement in the functions of the body) OR Growth – is defined as an irreversible increase in dry mass of living material.…
TRANSPORTATION OF MATERIALS IN LIVING ORGANISM Transportation is the act or process of moving molecules, ions, or substrates across a biological membrane, such as the plasma membrane. Plants have two transport systems – xylem and phloem . Xylem transports water and minerals.…
Homeostasis is defined as the maintenance of a constant internal environment within an organism. Internal environment means the immediate surroundings of the cells. In mammalian tissues the cells are generally surrounded by tiny channels and spaces filled with fluid. The most…
Nutrition is the process of acquiring energy and materials such as proteins, glucose, minerals, fats etc. The taking in and use of food and other nourishing material by the body. Living organisms can be grouped on the basis of their source…
Coordination is the working together of various organs of the body of an organism in a proper manner to produce an appropriate reaction to a stimulus. For example, the nervous system and endocrine system act in a coordinated manner for the proper…
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF NATURAL GROUPS Viruses: -are simple structures with genetic material in the centre and surrounded by capsomere. Generalized section of a capsomere – processing virus. STRUCTURE They have very simple structure consisting of the following. CHARACTERISTICS. i) DNA viruses…
Translation is a process by which ideas that are written in one language ar...
Are the abilities that allow you to write effectively and concisely. A competent...
Reading is the process of going through written information or piece of wor...
What is Speaking? SPEAKING SKILLS: Speaking is simply the act of talking wh...
Listening is ability to accurately receive and interpret messages in the communi...
This is the field or branch of morphology which studies different principles or ...
Language is a symbol system based on pure or arbitrary conventions…...
Ecology is the study of the interactions between living things, such as humans, ...
EVOLUTION Evolution is a change in the genetic composition of a population...
Genetics is the study of heredity and variationHeredity- is the passage of chara...